Working papers
Working Paper 127
Trade Unions, Labour Governance and Economic Upgradation in Value Chains
The paper examines possible mechanisms for trade union engagement in global value chains, especially in the context of emerging human rights due diligence frameworks. By examining existing literature on value chain analysis, trade policy, and...
ILO Working Paper 126
Resolution of labour disputes involving new forms of employment in China
Based on the study of arbitration and judicial cases involving new forms of employment, this working paper identifies and examines notable characteristics of disputes involving new forms of employment. This working paper found that the number of...
Working Paper 125
Adopting green measures in exporting firms: What are the effects on labour market outcomes?
ILO Working Paper 124
A study on the employment and wage outcomes of people with disabilities
This study investigates the employment and wage disparities between people with and without disabilities.
ILO Working Paper 123
Balancing Act: The Role of Digital Platforms in Shaping the Conditions of Creative Work
This working paper explores the impact of digital platforms on creative workers, focusing on the dichotomy between platform control and worker autonomy. It examines both conventional artistic occupations like musicians and photographers as well as...
ILO Working paper 120
Working conditions of subnational government workers in selected South and South-east Asian countries: Bangladesh, Nepal, Indonesia,...
ILO Working Paper 121 - Joint publication ILO-World Bank
Buffer or Bottleneck? Employment Exposure to Generative AI and the Digital Divide in Latin America
In this new paper from the International Labour Organization and the World Bank Group, researchers found that Generative AI could have transformative effects on jobs and livelihoods in Latin America and the Caribbean. Nonetheless, gaps in digital...
Working Paper 119
Trade union engagements on the SDGs and union revitalization in five Asian countries
This working paper examines how trade unions in five Asian countries integrate Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into national agendas. Through interviews and reviews, it highlights strategies and outcomes of union engagements, showing their...
Working Paper 118
Using foresight to think and act upon an uncertain future world of work
This working paper explores how trade unions worldwide are adapting to transformations in the world of work through strategic foresight. Documenting experiences from 2019-2023, it offers examples and lessons from foresight workshops conducted...
ILO Working paper 117
Women and aviation: Quality jobs, attraction and retention
This paper includes information on some of the current issues faced by women in civil aviation. Through a sectoral gender lens, it examines employment, women’s career cycles and the main decent work opportunities and challenges in the sector. It...
ILO Working Paper 116
Addressing gender-based violence and harassment in a work health and safety framework
This report looks at the implications of addressing gender-based violence and harassment (GBVH) under a work health and safety (WHS) framework.
Research Paper No.20
The effects of automation in the apparel and footwear industries and their gender dimensions: Indonesia case study
ILO Working Paper 115
Imbalances between supply and demand Recent causes of labour shortages in advanced economies
ILO Working paper 114
Institutional and labour relations regimes promoting decent working conditions for Local and Regional Government (LRG) Workers in Croatia,...
This publication presents a comparative analysis of the Local and Regional Government (LRG) sector workforce in five European countries: Croatia, Germany, Greece, Spain, and Sweden.
ILO Working paper 113
Financing gap for universal social protection: Global, regional and national estimates and strategies for creating fiscal space
ILO Working paper 112
New technologies, e-government and informality
This working paper studies the complex relationship between technology adoption and informality, leveraging recent cross-country data to analyse the effects of mobile phone subscriptions, internet access, automation and e-government on informal...
ILO Working paper 111
Intergenerational trends in educational and income mobility in the United States of America since the 1960s
This paper examines the evolution of educational and income mobility in the US since the 1960s, showing increased upward mobility for low-income individuals and decreased downward mobility for children of college graduates, highlighting the role of...
ILO Working paper 110
Measuring labour market transitions of youths in Thailand: Evidence from rotation groups (2012–21) in the Labour Force Surveys
This study analysed data covering a full decade of Thai economic activity. It is critical to recognize just how much has changed in the country over the intervening decade. Demographic change has resulted in overall population decline as well as a...
ILO Working paper 109
Working conditions of subnational government workers in selected African countries
This report provides a comprehensive evaluation of the institutional and labour relations regimes in six African countries: Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, and South Africa with a special emphasis on promoting decent working conditions...
ILO Working Paper 103
New Forms of Employment and Labour Protection in China
The objective of this paper is to provide a panoramic description and analysis of the diversity of the new forms of employment that have been emerging in China, with the focus on their background, the main types, the status quo of labour rights...
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